Otkriće periodnog sustava elemenata i odjek u Hrvatskoj

master's thesis

• Title (english): The discovery of the periodic table and echo in Croatia
• Author: Klara Bošković
• Mentor: Suzana Inić (mentor)
• Committee member: Suzana Inić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Živka Juričić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vanja Flegar (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of analytical chemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-01-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Ovaj diplomski rad donosi pregled otkrića i razvoja periodnog sustava elemenata i njegov
utjecaj na hrvatsku kemiju. D. I. Mendeljejev objavio je 1869. godine svoj periodni sustav
elemenata u kojem su elementi bili poredani po rastućoj atomskoj težini i njihovim kemijskim
svojstvima. Mendeljejev je ostavio prazna mjesta za eka-elemente koji su kasnije bili
otkriveni kao galij (1875.), skandij (1879.) i germanij (1886.). Brojni Mendeljejevljevi
prethodnici, od Döbereinera, Newlandsa, Odlinga i Meyera, dali su svoj doprinos ovom
značajnom otkriću u kemiji. Otkrićem plemenitih plinova i novim spoznajama o građi atoma,
periodni sustav elemenata razvijao se i nadopunjavao, a danas sadrži sto osamnaest elemenata
raspoređenih u sedam perioda i osamnaest skupina. Osnivanjem Sveučilišta u Zagrebu (1874.)
i njegovih prirodoslovnih odjela (1876.) započinje razvoj kemijska znanost u Hrvatskoj,
istovremeno s otkrićem periodnog sustava elemenata pa je njegova primjena u nastavi kemije
kasnila. Jugoslavenska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti (danas Hrvatska akademija znanosti i
umjetnosti) prva je akademija znanosti u Europi koja je proglasila D. I. Mendeljejeva za
svoga počasnog člana (1882.). G. Janeček, sveučilišni profesor kemije, uveo je periodni
sustav elemenata u svoja predavanja (1888.). Prvi udžbenik iz kemije s tablicom periodnog
sustava elemenata je Anorganska kemija (Zagreb, 1901.) Julija Domca. Fran Bubanović
objavljuje prvi moderan sveučilišni udžbenik iz kemije (1930.) koji je bio napisan u skladu s
periodnim sustavom elemenata. Osim u hrvatskoj znanstvenoj i stručnoj literaturi, otkriće i
razvoj periodnog sustava elemenata pratio se i u brojnim stručnim časopisima i
popularizacijskim člancima.

Abstract (english)

This graduate thesis provides an overview of the discovery and development of the periodic
table and its influence on Croatian chemistry. In 1869, D. I. Mendeleev published his periodic
system of elements in which the elements were ordered by increasing atomic weight and their
chemical properties. Mendeleev left empty spaces for eka-elements that were later discovered
as a gallium (1875), scandium (1879), and germanium (1886). Numerous Mendeleev's
predecessors, Döbereiner, Newland, Odling and Meyer, have contributed to this significant
discovery in chemistry. With the discovery of noble gases and new knowledge of the structure
of the atoms, the periodic system of elements has developed and supplemented, and today it
contains one hundred eighteen elements divided into seven periods and eighteen groups. The
founding of the University of Zagreb (1874) and its scientific departments (1876) began the
development of chemical science in Croatia, at the same time as the discovery of the periodic
table of the elements, and its application in the teaching of chemistry was delayed. The
Yugoslavian Academy of Sciences and Arts (today the Croatian Academy of Sciences and
Arts) is the first academy of science in Europe that proclaimed D. I. Mendeleev for his
honorary member (1882). G. Janeček, a university professor of chemistry, introduced a
periodic system of elements in his lectures (1888). The first textbook for chemistry with the
periodic system of elements is Anorganska kemija (Zagreb, 1901) by Julije Domac. Fran
Bubanović publishes the first modern university textbook for chemistry (1930) that was
written in accordance with the periodic system of elements. Apart from Croatian scientific
and professional literature, the discovery and development of the periodic system of elements
has been followed in many professional journals and popularization articles.

• Keywords: periodni sustav elemenata; D. I. Mendeljejev; Julije Domac; Gustav Janeček; hrvatska kemija
• Keywords (english): periodic system of elements; D.I. Mendeleev; Julije Domac; Gustav Janeček; Croatian chemistry
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:643581
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra farmacije (magistar/magistra farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-02-12 12:47:02