Ispitivanje i primjena nanofarmaceutika u liječenju karcinoma gušterače

professional thesis

• Author: Domagoj Habuš
• Mentor: Ivan Pepić (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivan Pepić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vesna Bačić Vrca (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivica Grgurević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of pharmaceutical technology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-12-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Cilj istraživanja
Specijalistički rad obuhvaća pregled i kritički osvrt na dosadašnja istraživanja s ciljem
sistematizacije nanofarmaceutika u liječenju karcinoma gušterače. Cilj je ovog istraživanja
pokazati raspon primjene nanotehnologije pri dijagnostici i liječenju karcinoma gušterače na
razini gena, stanica i tkiva. Istraživanje pokazuje ne samo mehaničko djelovanje i
farmakološku te dijagnostičku upotrebu nanočestica već uključuje i kritički komentar na
potencijalne negativne aspekte upotrebe nanočestica pri liječenju ovog tipa karcinoma.
Komparativnom analizom s drugim vrstama karcinoma čija je patologija, histopatologija ili
genetska slika bliska karcinomu gušterače rad propituje širi obujam i sveobuhvatnost primjene
različitih nanočestica.
Materijali i metode
Preglednim i teorijskim pristupom u fokusu rada jedan je od najsmrtonosnijih
karcinoma, karcinom gušterače. Rad je izrađen sustavnim pretraživanjem literature prema temi
i predmetu istraživanja, autorima i časopisu. Pretraga literature provedena je putem baza
Elsevier i PubMed. Osim stručnih članaka u izradi rada korišteni su i podaci službenih webstranica
relevantnih za temu istraživanja.
Rezultati
Primjena nanofarmaceutika u liječenju karcinoma gušterače mogla bi unaprijediti
očekivane ishode liječenja. Nanofarmaceutici zbog svojih svojstava površine i veličine mogu
osigurati ciljani učinak izravno na stanice, tkiva i receptore karcinoma. Osim toga moguće ih
je koristiti i za rano otkrivanje i individualiziranu terapiju, a potom i naknadno praćenje u
periodu remisije. Problematičan je aspekt proučavanja nanotehnologije u liječenju karcinoma
uslijed ekonomskih i financijskih prepreka kao i nedostatka sustavnih kliničkih ispitivanja
lijekova i nanočestica kao kombinirane terapije. Osim toga, manjak usustavljenih
dijagnostičkih testova (koji bi se također mogli poboljšati upotrebom nanočestica) je problem
pri koordiniranju statističkih informacija o rasprostranjenosti karcinoma gušterače te faktora
rizika. Također dugoročna i kratkoročna toksičnost nanočestica ostaje otvorenim pitanjem.
Zaključak
Ovaj je pregledni rad relevantan u kontekstu proučavanja karcinoma gušterače,
dijagnostike i liječenja upotrebom nanočestica. Nanočestice su zbog svojih specifičnih
svojstava izvrsna metoda liječenja i dijagnosticirana karcinoma općenito, a time i karcinoma
gušterače. Posebno su vrijedne kao element kombinirane terapije karcinoma uz upotrebu
kemoterapije, radioterapije i kirurškog odstranjivanja. Važno je napomenuti nedostatke
usustavljenog proučavanja i kliničkih ispitivanja nanočestično baziranog liječenja karcinoma
kao i potencijalnih negativnih učinaka nanočestica na pacijente.

Abstract (english)

Objectives
This thesis is a summary and a critical review of previous research with the aim of
systematizing nanopharmaceuticals in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The aim of this
research is to demonstrate the range of application of nanotechnology in the diagnosis and
treatment of pancreatic cancer at the level of genes, cells and tissues. This research not only
demonstrates the mechanical effects, pharmacological and diagnostic use of the nanoparticles,
but also includes critical commentary on the potential negative aspects of nanoparticle use in
the treatment of this type of cancer. Using comparative analysis with other cancers whose
pathology, histopathology, or genetic background is close to pancreatic cancer thesis also
examines the wider scope and comprehensiveness of the application of various nanoparticles.
Materials and methods
Using systematic and theoretical approach in focus of this thesis is one of the deadliest
cancers, pancreatic cancer. Thesis was designed by systematic literature search by topic and
subject of research, authors and journal. A literature search was carried out through on-line
databases such as Elsevier and PubMed. In addition to scientific articles information from
official web-pages relevant to this topic were used.
Results
The use of nanopharmaceuticals in the treatment of pancreatic cancer could improve
the expected treatment outcomes. Nanopharmaceuticals, due to their surface and size
properties, can provide a targeted effect directly on cancer cells, tissues and receptors. In
addition, they can be used for early detection and individualized therapy, and subsequently for
follow-up in remission phase of disease. A problematic aspect is the study of nanotechnology
in cancer treatment due to economic and financial obstacles, as well as the lack of systematic
clinical trials of drugs and nanoparticles as combination therapy. In addition, the lack of
systematic diagnostic tests (which could also be improved by the use of nanoparticles) is a
problem in coordinating statistical information on pancreatic cancer prevalence and risk
factors. Also the long-term and short-term toxicity of nanoparticles remains an open question.
Conclusion
This thesis is relevant in the context of the study of pancreatic cancer, diagnostics and
treatment using nanoparticles. Nanoparticles, due to their specific properties, are an excellent
method of treatment and diagnostic tolls for cancers in general and pancreatic cancer as well.
They are especially valuable as an element of combination cancer therapy in addition to
standard chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical removal. It is important to mention the
disadvantages of the systematic study and clinical trials of nanoparticle-based cancer treatment
as well as the potential negative effects of nanoparticles on patients.

• Keywords: nanofarmaceutici; karcinom gušterače; nanočestice
• Keywords (english): nanopharmaceuticals; pancreatic cancer; nanoparticles
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:859690
• Study programme: Title: Clinical pharmacy; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate specialist; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a magistar/sveučilišna magistra kliničke farmacije (sveučilišni/a magistar/sveučilišna magistra kliničke farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-03-06 15:50:51