Nanoterapeutici za vaginalnu primjenu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Nanopharmaceuticals for topical vaginal therapy
• Author: Farah Khaznadar
• Mentor: Željka Vanić (mentor)
• Committee member: Željka Vanić
• Committee member: Jasmina Lovrić
• Committee member: Roberta Petlevski
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of pharmaceutical technology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-05-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Vaginalni put primjene lijekova je od velike važnosti u lokalnoj terapiji i prevenciji infektivnih oboljenja. Konvencionalni ljekoviti oblici (kreme, gelovi, tablete) dostupni na tržištu nisu se uvijek pokazali dovoljno učinkovitima uslijed kratkog vremena zadržavanja pripravka na vaginalnoj sluznici. Nedostaci postojećih pripravaka nastoje se nadvladati uklapanjem lijekova u različite nanosustave (nanoterapeutike). Riječ je o različitim vrstama nanočestica veličine manje od 1 μm kod kojih je lijek uklopljen, dispergiran ili vezan za površinu. Primjenom nanosustava odgovarajućih fizičko-kemijskih svojstava moguće je: povećati topljivost teško topljivih lijekova, spriječiti razgradnju osjetljivih lijekova, poboljšati permeabilnost i transport slabo permeabilnih lijekova te na taj način omogućiti odgođenu, kontroliranu ili ciljanu dostavu lijeka. Uklapanjem lijeka u muko-penetrirajuće nanočestice moguće je postići produljeno oslobađanje te uspješnu dopremu lijeka do epitelnih stanica. Za postizanje željenog terapijskog učinka potrebno je postići dobro uklapanje lijeka u nosač, ali i osigurati stabilnost i viskoznost cijelog pripravka (umiješavanjem nanoterapeutika u odgovarajuće podloge). Nanosustavi su pokazali dobar potencijal u prevenciji virusnih infekcija i liječenju bakterijskih i gljivičnih oboljenja. Od svih ispitivanih nanosustava dendrimeri (SPL7013 dendrimer) su pokazali najbolje rezultate i trenutno su u završnim fazama kliničkih ispitivanja. Unatoč brojnim pozitivnim rezultatima pretkliničkih istraživanja različitih tipova nanočestica (lipidne i polimerne), njihovu djelotvornost, sigurnost i prihvatljivost od strane bolesnika potrebno je potvrditi kliničkim istraživanjima i dugogodišnjom primjenom u praksi.

Abstract (english)

Vaginal drug delivery is of great importance in prevention and treatments of local infectious diseases. Conventional dosage forms (creams, gels, tablets) available on the market often prove to be ineffective as a result of their limited retention in the vagina. To overcome these disadvantages novel drug delivery nanosystems (nanopharmaceuticals) have been investigated. They include differrent types of nanoparticles less than 1 micron in which the drug is incorporated, dispersed or bound to the surface. Through the application of nanosystems with appropriate physical and chemical properties it is possible to: increase solubility of poorly soluble drugs, prevent degradation of unstable drugs, improve permeability and transport of poorly permeable drugs, thus allowing sustained, controlled or targeted drug delivery. By incorporating drug into the mucus-penetrating nanoparticles it is possible to provide successful drug delivery through the mucus to the epithelial cells. Achieving the desired therapeutic effect requires good encapsulation of the drug into the carrier, as well as ensuring stability and viscosity of the entire formulation (by incorporating nanopharmaceuticals into appropriate vehicles). Nanopharmaceuticals have shown a good potential in the prevention of viral infections and the treatment of bacterial and fungal diseases. The best results have been shown with polyanionic dendrimers (SPL7013 dendrimer) incorporated into mucoadhesive carbopol gels (Vivagel). This formulation is currently in the final stages of clinical trials. Despite the many positive outcomes of preclinical studies of different types of nanoparticles (lipid and polymer), their effectiveness, safety and patient compliance need to be confirmed through further clinical trials and long-term application.

• Keywords: nanoterapeutici; lokalna vaginalna terapija; liposomi; niosomi; lipidne nanočestice; polimerne nanočestice; dendrimeri; muko-penetrirajuće nanočestice; mukoadhezija
• Keywords (english): nanotherapeutics; topical vaginal therapy; liposomes; niosomes; lipid nanoparticles; polymeric nanoparticles; dendrimers; mucus-penetrating nanoparticles; mucoadhesion
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:596828
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra farmacije (magistar/magistra farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2015-12-15 15:38:50