Metformin

master's thesis

• Author: Ina Tekić
• Mentor: Roberta Petlevski (mentor)
• Committee member: Roberta Petlevski (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Bach-Rojecky (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Željka Vanić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of medical biochemistry and haematology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Medical Biochemistry

Abstract

Metformin, lijek sintetiziran još 20-ih godina prošlog stoljeća svoje odobrenje je dočekao tek 1994. godine. Sintetiziran je po uzoru na prirodni spoj galegin, izoliran iz Galege officinalis. Danas se koristi kao zlatni standard u terapiji šećerne bolesti tipa 2, a novija istraživanja pokazuju i njegovu širu primjenu. Metformin smanjuje glukozu u krvi i povećava inzulinsku osjetljivost. Glavna ciljna tkiva metformina su jetra i crijeva. U jetrima inhibira glukoneogenezu, a u crijevima smanjuje apsorpciju glukoze. Za liječenje šećerne bolesti tipa 2 koristi se kao monoterapija ili u kombiniranoj terapiji, a istraživanja upućuju i na ulogu metformina u prevenciji šećerne bolesti. Metformin također djeluje i na upalu i mikrobiotu crijeva. Kod šećerne bolesti tipa 1 može se primjenjivati kao dodatna terapija jer smanjuje potrebu za inzulinom. Nuspojave metformina su rijetke, a najčešće su gastro-intestinalne nuspojave. Uloga metformina u liječenju drugih bolesti još uvijek se istražuje.

Abstract (english)

Metformin, a drug synthesized in the 1920s, was not approved until 1994. It was modeled on the natural compound galegin, isolated from Galega officinalis. Today, it is used as the gold standard in type 2 diabetes, and more recent studies show its widespread use. Metformin lowers blood glucose and increases insulin sensitivity. The main target tissues of metformin are the liver and intestines. In the liver it inhibits gluconeogenesis, and in the intestine it decreases glucose absorption. For the treatment of Type 2 diabetes, it is used as monotherapy or in combination therapy, and research has suggested the role of metformin in the prevention of diabetes. Metformin also acts on inflammation and gut microbiota. Metformin can be used in Type 1 diabetes as an adjunctive therapy as it reduces the need for insulin. Metformin side effects are rare, most commonly gastro-intestinal side effects. The role of metformin in the treatment of other diseases is still under investigation.

• Keywords: metformin; šećerna bolest; nuspojave lijeka
• Keywords (english): metformin; diabetes; drug side effects
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:985483
• Study programme: Title: Medical biochemistry; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra medicinske biokemije i laboratorijske medicine (magistar/magistra medicinske biokemije i laboratorijske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-04-27 13:59:51