| Abstract | Cilj istraživanja: Današnji sveopći trend rasta potrošnje biljnih lijekova i dodataka prehrani,
kao dio samoliječenja, nije zaobišao ni trudnice. Iako prevladava mišljenje da su takvi
pripravci sigurni i neškodljivi, njihova nepravilna primjena bez stručnog nadzora nosi
određeni rizik za majku i dijete. Stoga je cilj ovog rada ispitati stavove trudnica u Hrvatskoj o
uporabi biljnih lijekova i dodataka prehrani te njihova iskustva vezana uz primjenu takvih
pripravaka tijekom trudnoće.
Ispitanici i metode: U ovom je radu pomoću anonimnog upitnika provedeno istraživanje na
uzorku od 110 punoljetnih trudnica. Na početku anketnog upitnika prikupljeni su
sociodemografski podaci o trudnicama. Zatim su prikupljeni podaci o trudnoći, prehrambenim
i životnim navikama tijekom trudnoće te kroničnim bolestima i drugim zdravstvenim
tegobama. Preostalim su pitanjima ispitani stavovi i iskustva trudnica o upotrebi biljnih
lijekova i dodataka prehrani u trudnoći. Istraživanje je provedeno u javnim ljekarnama na
području Hrvatske i jednoj ginekološkoj poliklinici u Zagrebu u razdoblju od rujna 2020. do
veljače 2021. godine.
Rezultati: Gotovo dvije trećine ispitanica (73 %) koristilo je neki biljni lijek ili dodatak
prehrani tijekom trudnoće te se njihova uporaba povećala u odnosu na vrijeme prije trudnoće.
Najviše trudnica uzimalo je vitaminsko-mineralne pripravke (89 %) te fitopreparate (56 %).
Gotovo sve trudnice korištene pripravke kupile su u ljekarni, ali zabrinjava činjenica da je
samo polovica (53 %) dobila stručne informacije vezane uz njihovu primjenu. Svaka četvrta
trudnica koristi biljne lijekove i/ili dodatke prehrani zbog neke zdravstvene tegobe, dok 79 %
njih upotrebljava takve pripravke kako bi ojačale svoje zdravlje. Trudnice su ove pripravke
najčešće uzimale prema preporuci ginekologa (56 %) ili ljekarnika (40 %). Više od 75 %
ispitanica smatra da bi svaka trudnica trebala neovisno o prehrani uzimati folnu kiselinu,
vitamine, minerale i omega 3-masne kiseline. Po pitanju učinkovite i sigurne primjene
fitopreparata kao i kvalitete biljnih lijekova i dodataka prehrani trudnice su pokazale određenu
nesigurnost. Ohrabrujuće je da 76 % trudnica smatra da bi se biljni lijekovi i dodaci prehrani
trebali izdavati isključivo u ljekarnama, ali oko 25 % smatra da ginekolozi i ljekarnici nemaju
dovoljno znanja za kvalitetno savjetovanje o primjeni takvih pripravka u trudnoći. Dvije
trećine ispitanica izrazilo je potrebu za stručnim edukacijama trudnica iz ovog područja.
Zaključak: Utvrđena je visoka stopa korištenja biljnih lijekova i dodataka prehrani u
trudnoći. Upotrebom takvih pripravaka trudnice najčešće žele dodatno obogatiti svoju
uobičajenu prehranu i/ili utjecati na poboljšanje simptoma kod raznih zdravstvenih tegoba
izazvanih promjenama u trudnoći. Kako bi se osigurala učinkovita primjena biljnih lijekova i
dodataka prehrani te prevenirale moguće neželjene posljedice uslijed samoliječenja, potrebna
je uključenost educiranih zdravstvenih djelatnika, posebice liječnika i ljekarnika. |
| Abstract (english) | Objectives: Today's general trend of growing consumption of herbal drugs and dietary
supplements, as part of self-medication, has not bypassed even pregnant women. Although the
prevailing opinion is that such preparations are safe and harmless, their improper use without
professional supervision carries a certain risk for mother and child. Therefore, the aim of this
research is to examine the attitudes of pregnant women in Croatia regarding the use of herbal
drugs and dietary supplements and their experiences related to the use of such preparations
during pregnancy.
Respondents and Methods: In this work, a survey was conducted using an anonymous
questionnaire on a sample of 110 adult pregnant women. At the beginning of the
questionnaire, sociodemographic data on pregnant women were collected. Data were then
collected on pregnancy, dietary and lifestyle habits during pregnancy, and chronic diseases
and other health problems. The remaining questions examined the attitudes and experiences of
pregnant women regarding the use of herbal drugs and dietary supplements during pregnancy.
The research was conducted in public pharmacies in Croatia and one gynecological polyclinic
in Zagreb in the period from September 2020. to February 2021.
Results: Almost two-thirds of the respondents (73 %) used some herbal drug or dietary
supplement during pregnancy, and their use increased compared to before pregnancy. Most
pregnant women took vitamin-mineral preparations (89 %) and phytopreparations (56 %).
Almost all pregnant women bought the used preparations in a pharmacy, but the fact that only
half (53 %) received professional information related to their use is worrying. Every fourth
pregnant woman uses herbal drugs and/or dietary supplements for some health problem, while
79 % of them use such preparations to strengthen their health. Pregnant women most often
took these preparations as recommended by gynecologists (56 %) or pharmacists (40 %).
More than 75 % of respondents believe that every pregnant woman should take folic acid,
vitamins, minerals and omega 3 fatty acids independently of her diet. Regarding the effective
and safe use of phytomedicines, as well as the quality of herbal drugs and dietary
supplements, pregnant women showed some uncertainty. It is encouraging that 76 % of
pregnant women believe that herbal medicines and nutritional supplements should be
dispensed exclusively in pharmacies, but about 25 % believe that gynecologists and
pharmacists do not have enough knowledge to provide quality advice on the use of such
preparations during pregnancy. Two thirds of the respondents expressed the need for
professional training for pregnant women in this area.
Conclusion: A high rate of use of herbal drugs and dietary supplements during pregnancy
was found. By using such preparations, pregnant women most often want to additionally
enrich their usual diet and/or influence the improvement of symptoms of various health
problems caused by changes during pregnancy. In order to ensure the effective use of herbal
drugs and dietary supplements and to prevent possible unwanted consequences due to selfmedication,
the involvement of educated health professionals, especially doctors and
pharmacists, is necessary. |
