Multipla skleroza je idiopatska, pretežno autoimuna, kronična, upalna, demijelinizirajuća bolest SŽS-a s genetskim i okolišnim učincima. Karakterizirana je demijelinizacijom SŽS i oštećenjem aksona. Novija istraživanja potvrđuju i zahvaćenost sive tvari. MS uzrokuje teškoće i onesposobljavanje, smanjenu mobilnost, probleme s vidom, probleme s koordinacijom, kognitivnu disfunkciju, umor i bol. Trenutno je odobreno 13 terapija koje modificiraju tijek bolesti multiple skleroze s različitim stupnjevima učinkovitosti za smanjenje rizika od relapsa i očuvanje neurološke funkcije. Novi pristup liječenju uglavnom uključuje monoklonska protutijela koja specifično ciljaju mete. Potencijalne nove mete su razne molekule povezane sa trenutnim spoznajama o uzročnicima ove bolesti. Predviđamo postupni napredak prema uistinu personaliziranoj terapiji MS kako se genomika i srodne discipline budu koristile za objašnjavanje i bolje razumijevanje individualne heterogenosti bolesti.

Multiple sclerosis is an idiopathic, putatively autoimmune, a chronic inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system disease with genetic and environmental effects. MS is characterized by CNS demyelination and axonal damage. Recent research has also highlighted an underappreciated involvement of gray matter. Multiple sclerosis causes bothersome or disabling physical symptoms involving mobility problems, vision problems, problems with coordination, cognitive dysfunction, fatigue, and pain. Currently, there are 13 approved MS DMTs with varying degrees of efficacy for reducing relapse risk and preserving neurological function. New treatment approaches mostly include monoclonal antibodies that target specific sites. Potential new targets are various molecules linked with what´s currently considered to be a cause of the disease development. We foresee gradual steps toward truly personalized medicine for MS as large-scale genomics and related disciplines are applied to explain the individual heterogeneity.