Molekularna identifikacija plijesni rodova Aspergillus, Penicillium i Talaromyces u vlažnom stambenom prostoru primjenom sekundarnog markera za gen kalmodulin

master's thesis

• Title (english): Calmodulin based identification of airborne fungi from the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Talaromyces in a damp-damaged living environment
• Author: Lara Špiljak
• Mentor: Daniela Jakšić (mentor)
• Committee member: Daniela Jakšić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Šegvić Klarić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana-Marija Domijan (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of microbiology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-05-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Plijesni rodova Aspergillus, Penicillium i Talaromyces su jedni od najčešćih gljivičnih zagađivača stambenih prostora oštećenih vlagom koji predstavljaju značajan rizik za zdravlje ukućana s obzirom da mogu uzrokovati brojne akutne, ali i kronične zdravstvene posljedice. Da bi se procijenio obujam zagađenja prikupljeni su uzorci zraka u stanu s vidljivim porastom plijesni, kao i u neposrednoj blizini u svrhu kontrole. Od plijesni izoliranih iz uzoraka izdvojene su one rodova Penicillium, Aspergillus i Talaromyces u svrhu daljnje analize. Identificirane su do razine vrste sekvenciranjem dijela gena za kalmodulin (CaM) i usporedbom dobivenih nukleotidnih slijedova s podacima NCBI baze podataka. Među aspergilima (13/35) je dominirao A. jensenii (9/13), a identificirani su i A. creber (1/13), A. puulaauensis (1/13), A. welwitschiae (1/13) te A. aureolatus (1/13). P. chrysogenum/rubens je bila najzastupljenija vrsta roda Penicillium (8/24) od kojih su 2 uzorka identificirana iz vanjskog zraka. Preostale penicilije uključuju P. expansum (3/24), P. polonicum (2/24), P. speluncae (2/24), P. allii (1/24), P. commune (1/24) i P. digitatum (1/24). Po jedan od svakog izolata P. biourgeianum, P. brevicompactum te P. kongii su identificirani samo iz uzoraka vanjskog zraka. Jedini izolat roda Talaromyces je identificiran kao T. wortmannii. Iako CaM pruža precizniju identifikaciju od ITS molekularnog markera, ne može se primijeniti u razlučivanju vrsta P. commune od P. palitans i P. camemberti, kao i P. chrysogenum i P. rubens. Prema dostupnoj literaturi, identificirane vrste ukazuju na značajan zdravstveni rizik izloženim stanarima primarno zbog zabrinjavajućeg profila sekundarnih metabolita. Rezultati naglašavaju povezan dugoročni zdravstveni rizik asociran s boravkom u vlažnim stambenim prostorima s vidljivom porastom plijesni, a ukazuju i na potrebu za daljnjim istraživanjima s obzirom na prevalentnost tog problema.

Abstract (english)

Fungi from the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Talaromyces are among the most prevalent fungal contaminants found in damp-damaged living environment, posing significant health risks to inhabitants. These fungi can trigger various acute and chronic health issues. To assess the extent of contamination, indoor air samples were collected from an apartment with visible mould growth and outdoor air samples were collected as a control Among all the isolated fungi, those affiliated with the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Talaromyces were specifically selected for further analysis. Identification was carried out at the species level utilizing partial calmodulin (CaM) gene sequencing, with obtained nucleotide sequences compared against the NCBI database. Among Aspergilli (13/35 isolates) A. jensenii was the most dominating species (9/13) while there was only one isolate each of A. creber, A. puulaauensis, A. aureolatus and A. welwitschiae. P. chrysogenum/rubens was the most frequent Penicillium species (8/24), two of which were from outdoor air samples. Other Penicillia included P. expansum (3/24), P. polonicum (2/24), P. speluncae (2/24), P. allii (1/24), P. commune (1/24) and P. digitatum (1/24). One of each isolates of P. biourgeianum, P. brevicompactum and P. kongii were only only identified among outdoor air isolates. The single isolate assigned to the Talaromyces sp. was identified as T. wortmannii. Although CaM provided more precise species identification compared to the the ITS molecular marker, it showed a limitation in distingishing P. commune from P. palitans and P. camemberti as well as P. chrysogenum and P. rubens. Based on the available literature, the identified species pose a significant health threat to occupants exposed to them, primarily due to their concerning array of secondary metabolites. This underscores a related long-term health risk associated with residing in damp and mouldy housing. Moreover, it highlights the necessity for additional research, given the prevalence of this issue.

• Keywords: Aspergillus jensenii; Penicillium chrysogenum; Talaromyces wortmannii; plijesni; identifikacija; kalmodulin
• Keywords (english): Aspergillus jensenii; Penicillium chrysogenum; Talaromyces wortmannii; mould; identification; calmodulin
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:682130
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy - integrated undergraduate and graduate - university study; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar farmacije (sveučilišni magistar farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-09-20 13:02:12