Antioksidativna aktivnost ekstrakata rukole i špinata biofortificiranih nanočesticama selena

master's thesis

• Title (english): Antioxidant activity of spinach and arugula extracts biofortified with selenium nanoparticles
• Author: Jakov Mlinar
• Mentor: Emerik Galić (mentor)
• Committee member: Emerik Galić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dubravka Vitali Čepo (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Laura Nižić Nodilo (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of food chemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Selen je esencijalan mikronutrijent čiji je nedovoljan unos zabilježen u Hrvatskoj, ali i u ostatku svijeta. Biljke apsorbiraju selen iz tla te su odgovorne za njegovu primarnu akumulaciju u hranidbenom lancu. Zbog toga je biofortifikacija biljaka selenom koristan način za osiguravanje optimalnog unosa selena u populaciji. Selen u obliku nanočestica je noviji oblik selena za koji se pretpostavlja da ima poboljšanu bioraspoloživost i manju toksičnost u odnosu na anorganske i organske oblike selena. Biofortifikacija selenom može dovesti do optimalnog sadržaja selena u biljkama za ljudsku prehranu te povećan sadržaj antioksidansa, budući da može utjecati na biosintezu fenolnih spojeva i ostalih sekundarnih metabolita u biljaka.
U ovom radu istražena je antioksidativna aktivnost ekstrakata rukole i špinata biofortificiranih različitim kemijskim oblicima selena. Najveći antiradikalni i redukcijski potencijal je pokazan za ekstrakte rukole i špinata biofortificiranih s nanočesticama selena funkcionaliziranih huminskom kiselinom. Svi ekstrakti su se pokazali biokompatibilnima na HepG2 stanicama. Dokazan je i protektivni antioksidativni učinak ekstrakata protiv prooskidansa. On je ovisio o kemijskom obliku selena primjenjenom za biofortifikaciju. U slučaju rukole najjači učinak je pokazan za ekstrakt biljaka biofortificiranih nanočesticama selena funkcionaliziranih polisorbatom, dok je kod špinata najjači učinak primjećen za ekstrakt biljaka biofortificiranih nanočesticama selena funkcionaliziranih huminskom kiselinom.
Biofortifikacija je imala utjecaj na antioksidativnu aktivnost ekstrakata te je ovisila o primjenjenom kemijskom obliku selena. Nanočestice su se pokazale kao moguća alternativa selenatu budući da su utjecale na poboljšanje antioksidativnih svojstava rukole i špinata što posljedično može imati blagotvoran utjecaj na zdravlje.

Abstract (english)

Selenium is an essential micronutrient and its insufficient intake has been recorded in Croatia and other parts of the world. Plants absorb selenium from the soil and are responsible for its primary accumulation in the food chain. For this reason, biofortification of plants with selenium is a useful way to ensure optimal intake of selenium in the population. Selenium nanoparticles are relatively novel form of selenium with hypothesized improved bioavailability and reduced toxicity compared to inorganic and organic forms of selenium. Biofortification with selenium can lead to optimal selenium content in plants for human consumption and increased antioxidant content, since it can affect the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds and other secondary metabolites in plants.
In this paper, the antioxidant activity of arugula and spinach extracts biofortified with different chemical forms of selenium was investigated. The highest anti-radical and reductive potential was shown for arugula and spinach extracts biofortified with selenium nanoparticles functionalized with humic acid. All extracts were shown to be biocompatible with HepG2 cells. The protective antioxidant effect of the extract against pro-oxidants has also been proven. It was dependent on the chemical form of selenium used for biofortification. In the case of arugula, the greatest effect was shown for the extract of plants biofortified with selenium nanoparticles functionalized with polysorbate, while in spinach the greatest effect was seen for the extract of plants biofortified with selenium nanoparticles functionalized with humic acid.
Biofortification had an impact on the antioxidative activity of the extracts and it was dependent on the applied chemical form of Se. Nanoparticles can be considered as a potential alternative to selenate in biofortification, since they significantly affected the antioxidant properties of arugula and spinach, which can consequently have a beneficial effect on human health.

• Keywords: selen; nanočestice selena; biofortifikacija; antioksidativna aktivnost; biokompatibilnost; špinat; rukola
• Keywords (english): selenium; selenium nanoparticles; biofortification; antioxidant activity; biocompatibility; spinach; arugula
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:201671
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy - integrated undergraduate and graduate - university study; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar farmacije (sveučilišni magistar farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-10-10 11:16:03