Utvrđivanje prisutnosti pesticida u odabranom citrusnom voću

professional thesis

• Author: Ana Horvat
• Mentor: Jasna Bošnir (mentor)
• Committee member: Dubravka Vitali Čepo (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasna Bošnir (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanda Vladimir-Knežević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-01-11, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Cilj istraživanja
Cilj ovog rada jest utvrditi prisutnost pesticida u citrusima dostupnih u slobodnoj
prodaji u Republici Hrvatskoj te procijeniti postoji li opasnost od njihovog štetnog djelovanja
na zdravlje čovjeka.
Materijal i metode
Za izradu eksperimentalnog dijela rada korišteno je citrusno voće, točnije, naranča,
grejp i limun podrijetlom iz Republike Hrvatske te iz uvoza. Pojedini uzorci voća ispitivani su
kao cijeli plod, ali i posebno njegova kora i meso samog ploda. Na taj način dobiveno je
trideset uzoraka za analizu. Koristeći analitičku opremu namjenjenu identifikaciji i
kvantifikaciji pesticida određena je količina pesticida u odabranim uzorcima citrusa. U ovom
istraživanju primijenjena je kombinirana tehnika plinske kromatografija i spektrometrije masa
(GC-MS/MS), a uzorci su analizirani na 185 aktivnih supstanci. Nakon kvantifikacije,
utvrđeno je da li određena količina pesticida pronađena u analiziranim uzorcima može štetno
djelovati na zdravlje ljudi te da li su navedeni proizvodi u skladu sa legislativama koje
dopuštaju plasiranje određenog proizvoda na tržište.
Rezultati
Aktivne tvari identificirane u ispitivanim uzorcima su imazalil, propikonazol, ofenilfenol
i klorpirifos. Identificirane razine aktivnih tvari u ispitivanim proizvodima nisu
prekoračile maksimalnu razinu ostataka. Prvobitan plan bio je ispitati pesticide kojima se
tretira citrusno voće nakon berbe, međutim analizama je utvrđeno i prisutstvo nekih pesticida
koji se ne koriste u te namjene što dodatno daje sliku o korištenju pesticida u raznim fazama
proizvodnje citrusnog voća.
Zaključak
Uzorci analizirani u ovom ispitivanju zdravstveno su ispravni, tj ne prelaze zakonski
dozvoljene koncentracije ostataka pesticida u proizvodima te nemaju štetni utjecaj na ljudsko
zdravlje.

Abstract (english)

Objectives
The aim of this paper is to determine the presence of pesticides in citrus fruits
available in supermarkets in Croatia as well as to estimate the danger of harmful effects on
human health.
Material and Methods
The practical part of this work consisted of testing citrus fruits - orange, grapefruit and lemon,
originating from Croatia and imported. Some samples of fruits were tested as the whole fruits
while their peel and pulp were tested separately. There were thirty samples for analysis.
Using analytical equipment for identification and quantitative determination of pesticides, the
quantity of pesticides in samples of particular citruses was defined. For this study the
combined technics of gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was
used, and samples were analysed on 185 active substances. After the quantification was
done, it was established if the concentrations of pesticides identified in analysed samples
can have harmful effects on human health and if these products correspond to the legislative
which approves placing particular products on the market.
Results
Active substances identified in analysed samples are imazalil, propiconazole, ophenylphenol
and chlorpyrifos. Identified concentration of active substances in analysed
products is not greater than maximum residue levels. The initial idea was to analyse
pesticides which are used in postharvest treatment, but the results of analyses show the
presence of some other pesticides which are used for other purposes. This is the evidence
that pesticides are used in different stages of producing citrus fruits.
Conclusion
The samples analysed in this research are safe for health, which means that they
don't exceed legally permitted maximum residue levels of pesticides in these products and
there is no danger of harmful effects on human health.

• Keywords: citrusi; pesticidi
• Keywords (english): citrus fruits; pesticides
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:636024
• Study programme: Title: Toxicology; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate specialist; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar/sveučilišna magistra toksikologije (sveučilišni magistar/sveučilišna magistra toksikologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-04-30 14:59:21