Bioraznolikost plijesni u prašini nakon poplave

master's thesis

• Title (english): Post-flood biodiversity of dustborne fungi
• Author: Ivana Kovačević
• Mentor: Maja Šegvić Klarić (mentor)
• Committee member: Maja Šegvić Klarić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Daniela Jakšić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Friščić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of microbiology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-11, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Poplava u općini Gunja u 2014. godini uništila je brojne domove te utjecala na promjene u koncentraciji i sastavu plijesni u različitim supstratima što se odrazilo i na sastav kućne prašine. Kako bi se utvrdio kvantitativni i kvalitativni sastav plijesni u prašini, u rujnu 2017. godini prikupljeni su uzorci prašine iz neobnovljenih (N = 5) i obnovljenih lokacija (N = 6) u Gunji uključujući obnovljene kuće i školu, kao i kuća i škole na kontrolnoj lokaciji u Gornjem Stupniku (N = 6). Na temelju makroskopskih obilježja kolonija poraslih na odgovarajućim hranjivim podlogama te mikromorfologije, a usporedbom s odgovarajućom literaturom plijesni su identificirane do razine roda, te kvantificirane.
Plijesni rodova Aspergillus, Cladosporium i Penicillium izolirani su iz prašine s najvećeg broja lokacija (N = 16, N = 15, N = 15). Pri tome su plijesni roda Cladosporium izolirane u najvećoj koncentraciji (8,6 x 105 CFU/g) i to na neobnovljenim lokacijama u Gunji, na DG-18 agaru. Aspergili su izolirani u 50 puta većim koncentracijama iz prašine s poplavljenog nego s kontrolnog područja, a kladosporije u 15 puta većim koncentracijama na obnovljenim nego na kontrolnim lokacijama te ih je 4 puta više bilo na neobnovljenim nego na obnovljenim lokacijama. Nadalje, penicilije su izolirane u najvećim koncentracijama na obnovljenim lokacijama i to do 14 puta većim nego na neobnovljenim ili kontrolnim lokacijama. Plijesni roda Alternaria i Wallemia te kvasci izolirani su iz prašine sa sve tri skupine lokacija (N = 10, N = 6, N = 14, po redu). Pri tome je Wallemia spp. izolirana samo na DG-18 agaru. Plijesni roda Phoma i Absidia izolirane su s po jedne lokacije i to jedne obnovljene i jedne kontrolne, po redu.
Rezultati analize upućuju na rizik za zdravlje izloženih ljudi osobito u uvjetima povećane koncentracije plijesni u prašini. S obzirom na njihov genski potencijal biosinteze sekundarnih metabolita, po inhalaciji mikotoksinogenih čestica u dišnom sustavu izloženih ljudi mogu se ispoljiti toksični učinci.

Abstract (english)

The flood in Gunja village in Eastern Croatia in 2014, destroyed many homes and affected the changes in concentration and composition of moulds in different substrates, which also reflected on the composition of dustborne moulds. To determine the quantitative and qualitative composition of dustborne moulds, in September 2017 dust samples were collected from unrenovated (N = 5) and renovated sites (N = 6) in Gunja including renovated houses and schools as well as houses and schools at control locations in Gornji Stupnik (N = 6). Based on macroscopic characteristics of colonies growing on appropriate nutrients and their micromorphology by comparing with appropriate literature, moulds were identified to the level of genus and quantified.
Aspergillus spp., Cladosporium spp. and Penicillium spp. were isolated from most locations (N = 16, N = 15, N = 15, respectively). In this case, Cladosporium spp. was isolated at the highest concentrations (8,6 x 105 CFU/g) from unrenovated locations in Gunji, on the DG-18 agar. The concentration of the Aspergilli were 50 times higher in flooded locations in Gunja than in the control area, and the concentration of Cladosporium spp. were 15 times higher in renovated locations than in control locations and were 4 times higher in unrenovated than in renovated locations. Furthermore, Penicillium spp. were isolated at the highest concentrations in renovated locations, up to 14 times higher than in unrenovated or control locations. The Alternaria spp., Wallemia spp. and yeasts were isolated from all three groups of sites (N = 10, N = 6, N = 14, respectively). In this case, Wallemia spp. was isolated only on the DG-18 agar. Phoma spp. was isolated from one renovated location and Absidia spp. was isolated from one control location.
These results point to the health risks of the exposed people followed by inhalation of mycotoxinogenic particles, especially in the conditions of increased concentration of dustborne fungi.

• Keywords: poplava; plijesni u prašini; mikotoksini; Aspergillus; Cladosporium; Penicillium
• Keywords (english): flood; dustborne fungi; mycotoxins; Aspergillus; Cladosporium; Penicillium
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:132616
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra farmacije (magistar/magistra farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-09-26 11:36:41