Bioraznolikost plijesni u žitaricama nakon poplave

master's thesis

• Title (english): Post-flood biodiversity of fungi in cereals
• Author: Ivana Komac
• Mentor: Maja Šegvić Klarić (mentor)
• Committee member: Maja Šegvić Klarić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Daniela Jakšić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Friščić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of microbiology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-09-07, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

U svibnju 2014. godine područje istočne Hrvatske pogođeno je katastrofalnim poplavama, a najgore je stradalo područje Gunje. Poplavna voda donosi sa sobom fekalije, bakterije i plijesni, utječe na sastav tla na kojem se uzgajaju usjevi, ali i količinu vlage. Zato su 2017. godine prikupljeni uzorci žitarica s područja Gunje i Gornjeg Stupnika kao kontrolne lokacije. Kolonije porasle na odgovarajućim podlogama identificirane su usporedbom njihovih morfoloških svojstava s podacima iz literature. Srednja vrijednost koncentracije plijesni u uzorcima prikupljenima na području Gunje iznosi 5,1 x 105 CFU/g i statistički je značajno veća od srednje vrijednosti u uzorcima s područja Gornjeg Stupnika (7,3 x 103 CFU/g)(p=0,0286). Najbrojnije su bile plijesni rodova Cladosporium, Fusarium i Penicillium. Fusarium je pronađen u svim uzorcima s područja Gunje, Cladosporium samo u uzorcima zobi, a Penicillium u svim uzorcima osim jednog. Rod Fusarium pogotovo je dominantan u uzorcima kukuruza. Na području Gornjeg Stupnika prevladava rod Cladosporium. Rodovi Alternaria, Mucor, te Phoma pronađeni su u izoliranim slučajevima. Rod Aspergillus pronađen je u ukupno 2 uzorka s kontrolne lokacije. Rod Fusarium jedan je od glavnih proizvođača mikotoksina – najviše su to trihoteceni, fumonizini i zearalenon. Kronična izloženost mikotoksinima donosi ozbiljne posljedice po zdravlje ljudi i životinja.

Abstract (english)

In May 2014, catastrophical floods have devastated eastern areas of Croatia, particullarly village Gunja. Flood waters may bring feces, bacteria, and fungi; change composition of soil on which crops are cultivated, but also change moisture levels. For this reason, samples of cereals have been collected from areas of Gunja; and Gornji Stupnik as control. Colonies that grew on appropriate culture media were identified by comparing their morphological features with data from literature.
Average concentration of fungi in samples from Gunja is calculated at 5,1 x 105 CFU/g, which is statistically a significant increase compared to average concentration in samples collected in Gornji Stupnik (7,3 x 103 CFU/g)(p=0,0286). Most numerous fungal genera were Cladosporium, Fusarium and Penicillium. Fusarium spp. were found in all the samples collected in Gunja, Cladosporium spp. were found only in oat samples, and Penicillium spp. appeared in all the samples but one. Fusarium spp. were especially dominant in corn. Cladosporium spp. were prevalent at Gornji Stupnik area. Alternaria spp., Mucor spp. and Phoma spp. were found in isolated cases. Aspergillus spp. were found in 2 samples collected at control site. Fusarium genus is one of the main producers of mycotoxins – mostly trichothecens, fumonisins and zearalenone. Chronic exposure to mycotoxins can have a serious impact on human and animal health.

• Keywords: plijesni; žitarice; mikotoksini; Fusarium; Penicillium; Cladosporium
• Keywords (english): fungi; cereals; mycotoxins; Fusarium; Penicillium; Cladosporium
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:192251
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra farmacije (magistar/magistra farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-10-01 10:44:09