Farmakoterapijske specifičnosti najčešćih anestetika u osoba starije životne dobi

master's thesis

• Title (english): Pharmacotherapeutic specificities of the most common anesthetic in the elderly
• Author: Eva Perčić
• Mentor: Petra Turčić (mentor)
• Committee member: Petra Turčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana-Marija Domijan (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasminka Peršec (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of pharmacology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-06-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Anestezija je postupak kojim se pacijent dovodi u stanje neosjetljivosti. Razlikujemo opću i
lokalnu, odnosno regionalnu anesteziju. Opći anestetici mogu se podijeliti na inhalacijske i
intravenske, a osim njih u anesteziji se koriste opioidni analgetici i neuromuskularni blokatori.
Kad god je moguće, preferira se regionalna anestezija, osobito kod starije populacije. Starijom
populacijom smatraju se svi ljudi stariji od 65 godina. Starenje je progresivni proces
karakteriziran promjenama u strukturi i funkciji organa i tkiva. Najznačajnije promjene događaju
se u kardiovaskularnom, respiratornom, živčanom i hepatorenalnom sustavu. Također se smanjuje
sposobnost regulacije tjelesne temperature što predstavlja problem tijekom kirurških zahvata.
Farmakodinamske i farmakokinetske karakteristike lijekova mogu se mijenjati, što dovodi do
veće osjetljivosti gerijatrijskih pacijenata na anestetike, čime se povećava rizik za pojavu
neželjenih učinaka. Za postizanje istog kliničkog efekta kao kod mlađih osoba, potrebna je
redukcija doze općih i lokalnih anestetika, opioidnih analgetika, sedativa i neuromuskularnih
blokatora.

Abstract (english)

Anaesthesia is a procedure which leads the patient to a state of insensitivity. It is divided to general
and local or regional anesthesia. General anesthetics can be divided into inhaled and intravenous,
besides them opioid analgesics and neuromuscular blockers are also used in anesthesia. Whenever
possible, regional anesthesia is preferred, especially in the elderly. The older population is considered
to be all people over the age of 65. Aging is a progressive process characterized by changes in the
structure and function of organs and tissues. The most significant changes occur in the cardiovascular,
respiratory, nervous and hepatorenal system. Also the ability to regulate body temperature is reduced,
what is the problem during surgical procedures. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties
of drugs may change, resulting in greater sensitivity of geriatric patients to anesthetics, thereby
increasing the risk of adverse effects. To achieve the same clinical effect as in younger subjects, dose
reduction of general and local anesthetics, opioid analgetics, sedatives and neuromuscular blocking
agents is required.

• Keywords: anestezija; starija životna dob; gerijatrijska anestezija; farmakodinamika anestetika; farmakokinetika anestetika
• Keywords (english): anaesthesia; elderly; geriatric anaesthesia; pharmacodynamics of anesthetics; pharmacokinetics of anesthetics
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:322394
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra farmacije (magistar/magistra farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-02-12 13:11:49