Nazalni dekongestivi

master's thesis

• Title (english): Nasal decongestants
• Author: Marina Škunca
• Mentor: Lidija Bach-Rojecky (mentor)
• Committee member: Lidija Bach-Rojecky (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Renata Jurišić Grubešić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Živka Juričić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of pharmacology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Nazalna kongestija se u kliničkoj praksi opisuje kao skup simptoma: začepljenost nosa, smanjen
protok zraka, osjećaj “zbijenosti” u nosu. Stanja povezana s kongestijom uključuju nosne polipe,
opstruktivnu apneju u snu i anatomske varijacije, ali većina istraživanja kao vodeće razloge
nastajanja nazalne kongestije navodi alergijski rinitis i rinosinusitis. Trend potrošnje lijekova u
svrhu liječenja nazalne kongestije, posebice lokalnih nazalnih dekongestiva je u porastu diljem
svijeta, pa Hrvatska nije izuzetak.
Nazalni dekongestivi su skupina lijekova s različitim mehanizmima djelovanja, a najčešće se
koriste vazokonstriktori sa simpatomimetskim djelovanjem. Prema načinu primjene dijele se na
nazalne dekongestive za lokalnu i sistemsku primjenu. U skupini za lokalnu primjenu nalaze se,
osim simpatomimetika, i antialergici, kortikosteroidi te ostali lijekovi za liječenje bolesti nosa, dok
u skupinu za sistemsku primjenu spada samo pseudoefedrin.
Nazalni dekongestivi su dostupni u slobodnoj prodaji kao bezreceptni lijekovi i pacijent se vrlo
lako odlučuje na njihovu primjenu. Uloga ljekarnika u racionalnom izdavanju lijekova iz skupine
nazalnih dekongestiva je vrlo bitna, od prvog susreta i razgovora s pacijentom, prepoznavanja
simptoma, odabira odgovarajućeg lijeka, pravilnog savjetovanja, sve do praćenja terapije. Samo na
taj način moguće je osigurati racionalnu, učinkovitu i sigurnu terapiju.

Abstract (english)

Nasal congestion is described in clinical practice as a set of symptoms: clogging, decreased air
flow, and a feeling of "tightness" in the nose. Congestion-related conditions include nasal polyps,
obstructive sleep apnea, and anatomical variations, but most studies have identified allergic rhinitis
and rhinosinusitis as the leading causes of nasal congestion.. The trend in the consumption of
drugs for the treatment of nasal congestion, especially local nasal decongestants, is on the rise
worldwide, so Croatia is no exception.
Nasal decongestants are a group of medicines used to treat nasal congestion, narrow the blood
vessels and reduce swelling of the nasal mucosa. According to the route of administration, they are
divided into nasal decongestants for topical and systemic administration. The group for topical
treatment includes sympathomimetics, antiallergics, corticosteroids and other medicines specified
for that condition, while the group for systemic treatment includes only pseudoephedrine.
Nasal decongestants are commercially available as over-the-counter medicines and the patient can
easily decide on their use. The role of the pharmacist in the rational administration of nasal
decongestants is very important, from first meeting and talking with the patient, recognizing the
symptoms, choosing the right medication, proper counseling, until monitoring the therapy. This is
the only way to ensure rational, effective and safe therapy.

• Keywords: nazalna kongestija; patofiziologija; lokalni dekongestivi; sustavni dekongestivi; simpatomimetici; kortikosteroidi; farmakologija; farmakoterapija
• Keywords (english): nasal congestion; pathophysiology; local decongestants; system decongestants; sympathomimetics; corticosterooids; pharmacology; pharmacotherapy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:658052
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra farmacije (magistar/magistra farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-02-18 16:10:28