Ženska sportska trijada

master's thesis

• Title (english): The female athlete triad
• Author: Mateja Serdar
• Mentor: Lovorka Vujić (mentor)
• Committee member: Lovorka Vujić
• Committee member: Irena Vedrina-Dragojević
• Committee member: Marija Grdić Rajković
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of food chemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-06-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Ženska sportska trijada“ (trijada) opisana je i definirana 1992. od Američkog koledža za sportsku medicinu. Objedinjuje nisku dostupnost energije sa ili bez poremećaja prehrane, menstrualnu disfunkciju i narušeno zdravlje kostiju. Navedeni poremećaji, koji su u porastu, češće se javljaju kod žena u sportovima koji zahtijevaju mršavu tjelesnu figuru. Stoga je cilj ovog rada
bio analizirati komponente ženske sportske trijade, njihovu međusobnu povezanost, kao i njihove kratkoročne i dugoročne posljedice na zdravlje sportašica te predložiti preventivne mjere u svrhu smanjenja njihove incidencije i prevalencije. Na niskom energijskom unosu zasniva se razvoj ostalih stanja trijade, što čini nisku energijsku dostupnost glavnom metom prevencije, a njen porast prvim korakom liječenja trijade. Nizak energijski unos s vremenom gasi funkciju osi hipotalamus-hipofiza-jajnici što vodi do neželjenih zdravstvenih posljedica na menstrualni ciklus. Također hipoestrogenizam može rezultirati smanjenom mineralnom gustoćom kostiju i osteoporozom. Spomenuti učinci se, između ostalog, javljaju i zbog prilagodbe organizma na nedostatak energije smanjenjem bazalnog metabolizma. Obzirom na navedeno, naglašava se važnost implementacije prevencije i rane identifikacije trijade pri čemu otkriće bilo koje njezine komponente zahtijeva pažljivu procjenu rizika od ostalih stanja. Prehrana kojoj manjka masnoće i hrane bogate složenim ugljikohidratima uz povećani unos prehrambenih vlakana povezana je sa smanjenom energijskom dostupnošću i amenorejom te kao takva može predstavljati metu za intervenciju u cilju prevencije i liječenja ovih stanja koja imaju dalekosežne posljedice na zdravlje žena.

Abstract (english)

„The female athlete triad“ (triad) is described and defined in 1992 by American college of sports medicine. It combines low energy availability with or without eating disorders, menstrual dysfunction and impaired bone health. These disorders, which are increasing, are more common among female in sport which demands leanness. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the components of the female athlete triad, the interplay between them, as well as short and long
term consequences on the health of the athlete, and propose preventive measures to reduce their incidence and prevalence. Development of other triad conditions depends on low energy intake, what makes low energy availability a great prevention target, and it's increase a first step of treatment. Low energy intake suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis function by time which leads to unintended health consequences on menstrual cycle. Also, hipoestrogenism can end with low bone mineral density and osteoporosis. Mentioned effects can occur among other things because of body adaptations to energy deficiency by reduction of resting metabolic rate. Given the above it highlights the importance of implementing prevention and early detection of triad where discovery of any of it's component demands careful risk assessment of other conditions. Nutrition which lacks with fat and carbohydrate-rich food along with high fiber intake is associate with low energy availability and amenorrhea, as such can represent a target for intervention aiming to prevent and treat these conditions, which have far-reaching effects on women's health.

• Keywords: ženska sportska trijada; menstrualni poremećaji; poremećaji prehrane; mineralna gustoća kostiju
• Keywords (english): female athlete triad; menstrual disorders; eating disorders; bone mineral density
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:644414
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra farmacije (magistar/magistra farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2016-02-29 16:45:49