Tekuća biopsija u dijagnostici malignih bolesti

master's thesis

• Title (english): Liquid biopsy in the diagnosis of malignant diseases
• Author: Tea Klarin
• Mentor: Karmela Barišić (mentor)
• Committee member: Karmela Barišić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Donatella Verbanac (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Ortner Hadžiabdić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of medical biochemistry and haematology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-12-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Maligne bolesti predstavljaju glavni uzrok smrtnosti nakon kardiovaskularnih oboljenja. Dijagnoza karcinoma često je u poodmakloj i neoperabilnoj fazi, stoga metastatsko širenje karcinoma predstavlja glavni uzrok smrti pacijenata oboljelih od malignih bolesti. Tekuća biopsija predstavlja inovativni koncept na području onkološke dijagnostike. Neinvazivna je metoda kojom se iz uzorka krvi ili neke druge tjelesne tekućine izoliraju elementi poput cirkulirajuće tumorske stanice (CTC), slobodna cirkulirajuća DNA (cfDNA), cirkulirajući egzosomi ili mikroRNA koji sami služe kao biljezi ili sadrže specifične biljege.Imunocitokemijskim testom je utvrĎeno da su CTC invazivne te da je njihova prisutnost u korelaciji sa smanjenim preživljavanjem osoba oboljelih od malignih bolesti. Egzosomi kao izvanstanične vezikulne strukture takoĎer predstavljaju specifičan biljeg koji pospješuje rast, invaziju, metastaziranje i angiogenezu tumora. Reprezentativniji su u odnosu na ostale biljege, jer sadrže biološki materijal iz roditeljskih stanica. TakoĎer, na površini mogu imati eksprimirane specifične tumorske biljege, poput proteina, koji povećavaju kemorezistenciju.Tekuća biopsija obuhvaća izoliranje CTC-a, egzosoma, cfDNA te njihovu daljnju analizu. Može se primijeniti za dijagnozu, predviĎanje prognoze, molekularno profiliranje tumora, planiranje liječenja, praćenja pacijenta, praćenja evolucije tumora i otkrivanja relapsa.

Abstract (english)

Malignant diseases are the leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease. The diagnosis of cancer is often in an insidious and inoperable phase, so metastatic spread of cancer is the leading cause of death in patients with malignant diseases. Liquid biopsy is an innovative concept in the field of oncology diagnostics. It is a non-invasive method of isolating elements such as circulating tumor cells (CTC), free circulating DNA (cfDNA), circulating exosomes or microRNAs that themselves serve as markers or contain specific markers from a blood sample or some other body fluids. Immunocytochemical test revealed that CTC were invasive and that their presence correlated with reduced survival of persons with malignant diseases. Extracellular vesicles also represent a specific marker that promotes tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. They are more representative compared to other markers because they contain biological material from the parent cells. Also, they may have specific tumor markers, such as proteins, expressed on the surface, which increase chemoreresistance. Liquid biopsy involves the isolation of CTCs, exosomes, cfDNA, and their further analysis. It can be used for diagnosis, prognosis prediction, molecular tumor profiling, treatment planning, patient monitoring, tumor evolution monitoring, and relapse detection.

• Keywords: tekuća biopsija; cirkulirajuća tumorska DNA; egzosomi; cirkulirajuća izvanstanična DNA; cfDNA
• Keywords (english): liquid biopsy; circulating tumor DNA; exosomes; circulating extracellular DNA; cfDNA
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:727620
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra farmacije (magistar/magistra farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access; Embargo expiration date: 2023-06-29
• Created on: 2022-03-01 09:17:21