Preventive medicine

master's thesis

• Title (croatian): Preventivna medicina
• Author: Iva Ušić
• Mentor: Donatella Verbanac (mentor)
• Mentor: Branka Bernard (mentor)
• Committee member: Donatella Verbanac (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mario Jug (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Branka Bernard (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of medical biochemistry and haematology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Medical Biochemistry

Abstract

U kliničkoj praksi se relativno nedavno počelo pridavati više pozornost uzrocima bolesti nego simptomima,
dok znanost i tehnologija napreduju puno brže. P4 medicina predstavlja originalan pristup liječenju te
obuhvaća procese predikcije, prevencije, personalizacije i participacije. Koncept prevencije može se
primijeniti na razini pojedinca ili šire populacije, s ciljem promjene životnih navika koje dovode do razvoja
kroničnih degenerativnih bolesti. Na globalnoj razini pristupi prevenciji su raznoliki, od javnozdravstvenih
kampanja i edukativnih nastavnih programa do povećanja poreza na pojedine proizvode. Dob, spol,
metabolizam, razina fizičke aktivnosti i stresa te način prehrane bi se trebali uzimati u obzir pri određivanju
preventivnih opcija prilagođenih pacijentovim navikama, dijagnozi i terapiji. Dostupnost brze hrane i
rasprostranjenost zapadnjačkog načina prehrane predstavlja značajni rizik za razvoj hipertenzije, otpornosti
na inzulin i pretilosti. Unos hrane utječe na sastav crijevne mikrobiote i može poticati razvoj patogenih vrsta,
a posljedice se mogu odraziti na druge organske sustave (urogenitalni sustav, živčani sustav itd.). Uspješno
uvođenje koncepta prevencije i novih terapijskih mogućnosti u kliničku praksu ovisi o kvaliteti procesa
translacije i diseminacije, koji bi se trebali prilagoditi financijskim i obrazovnim mogućnostima ciljane
populacije. Novi pristupi zdravstvu trebali bi omogućiti pružanje najbolje moguće skrbi pacijentima te im
poboljšati kvalitetu i duljinu života, a ne težiti povećanju profita i marketingu. Uvođenje koncepta
preventivne medicine predstavlja etički, društveni, ekonomski i akademski izazov, ali može višestruko
doprinijeti unaprjeđenju zdravstvenog sustava.

Abstract (english)

Clinical practice has recently started progressing towards treating the cause instead of symptoms of disease,
while research and technology are moving more rapidly. P4 medicine is an innovative approach to healthcare,
encompassing prediction, prevention, personalization and participation. Prevention strategies can be applied
to individual patients or the larger population, targeting lifestyle choices that increase the risk of developing
chronic diseases. Worldwide the approaches vary depending on the country, from public health campaigns
and school-based programs to higher health taxes. Various factors like age, gender and metabolism, physical
activity levels, stress and nutrition should be considered in the process of prevention, diagnosis and treatment.
The abundance of fast food and the widespread Western diet present a major risk factor for hypertension,
insulin resistance and obesity. Dietary intake affects gut microbial composition and potentially promotes the
growth of pathogenic species, which can have long lasting consequences for multiple organ systems
(urogenital tract, nervous system, etc.). Successful implementation of preventive strategies and therapeutic
options developed by researchers depends on the quality of translation and dissemination, so patients and
clinicians aren’t limited by financial and academic barriers. New initiatives should focus on optimal patient
care, improved survival and quality of life instead of profit and marketing. Introducing preventive medicine
to routine clinical practice presents an ethical, social, economic and intellectual challenge, but has the
potential to transform healthcare for the better.

• Keywords: preventivna medicina; P4 medicina
• Keywords (english): preventive medicine; P4 medicine
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:745732
• Study programme: Title: Medical biochemistry; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra medicinske biokemije i laboratorijske medicine (magistar/magistra medicinske biokemije i laboratorijske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-11-03 13:30:33