Valorizacija komine rajčice kao izvora makronutrijenata i prehrambenih vlakana

master's thesis

• Title (english): Valorization of tomato pomace as a source of macronutrients and dietary fibers
• Author: Petra Miknić
• Mentor: Kristina Radić (mentor)
• Committee member: Kristina Radić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Bach-Rojecky (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dubravka Vitali Čepo (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of food chemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-11, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Komina rajčice je ostatak koji se dobiva nakon procesa prerade svježe rajčice te se sastoji od koštica, pokožice i manje količine pulpe rajčice. S obzirom na potencijalnu primjenu komine rajčice u prehrambenoj i farmaceutskoj industriji, važno je ispitati njezin makronutritivni sastav. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je odrediti udio vlage, pepela, lipida, proteina, ukupnih prehrambenih vlakana, netopljivih i topljivih prehrambenih vlakana, ugljikohidrata te ukupnu energetsku vrijednost komine rajčice, pokožice i koštica. Rezultati analize pokazali su da je udio vlage u uzorcima komine rajčice varirao od 6,0% do 9,7%. Najveći udio pepela zabilježen je u uzorcima pokožice (5,1%), dok je najmanji udio pepela bio prisutan u uzorcima koštica (3,1%). Udio lipida varirao je od 3,9% u uzorcima pokožice do 26% u uzorcima koštica, što upućuje na visok sadržaj lipida u košticama komine rajčice. Udio proteina kretao se od 14% u uzorcima pokožice do 27% u uzorcima koštica, što potvrđuje visok sadržaj proteina u košticama komine rajčice. Prehrambena vlakna su bila najzastupljenija komponenta komine rajčice, s najmanjim udjelom (40%) u uzorcima komine rajčice i najvećim udjelom (52%) u uzorcima pokožice. Uzorci pokožice su bili najbogatiji topljivim (9,1%) i netopljivim prehrambenim vlaknima (43%). Uzorci koštica nisu sadržavali probavljive ugljikohidrate, dok je udio ugljikohidrata u uzorcima komine rajčice iznosio 23%. Najveća energetska vrijednost (424 kcal/100g) zabilježena je u uzorku koštica, što je očekivano s obzirom na visok udio lipida.
Rezultati ovog istraživanja pridonose valorizaciji otpada komine rajčice kao vrijednog izvora makronutrijenata i prehrambenih vlakana. Ti rezultati mogu poslužiti kao temelj za daljnju upotrebu komine rajčice te smanjenje njezinog štetnog utjecaja na okoliš. Osim toga, komina rajčice može postati jeftin i lako dostupan izvor mikro i makronutrijenata u farmaceutskoj i prehrambenoj industriji.

Abstract (english)

Tomato pomace is the residue obtained after the processing of fresh tomatoes and consists of seeds, skin and a small amount of pulp. Considering the potential application of tomato pomace in the food and pharmaceutical industries, it is important to examine its macronutrient composition. The aim of this research was to determine the moisture content, ash content, content of lipids, proteins, total dietary fiber, insoluble and soluble dietary fiber, carbohydrates and total energy value of tomato pomace, skin and seeds. The analysis results showed that the moisture content in the samples of tomato pomace ranged from 6,0% to 9,7%. The highest ash content was recorded in the samples of skins (5,1%) and the lowest in the seeds samples (3,1%). The lipid content varied from 3,9% in the samples of skin to 26% in the samples of seeds, indicating a high lipid content in the seeds of tomato pomace. The protein content ranged from 14% in the samples of skin to 27% in the samples of seeds, confirming a high protein content in the seeds of tomato pomace. Dietary fiber was the most abundant component of tomato pomace with the lowest proportion (40%) in the samples of tomato pomace and the highest proportion (52%) in the samples of skin. Samples of skin were the richest in soluble (9,1%) and insoluble dietary fiber (43%). Samples of seeds did not contain digestible carbohydrates, while the carbohydrate content in the samples of tomato pomace was 23%. The highest energy value (424 kcal/100g) was recorded in the sample of seeds, which is expected due to the high lipid content in seeds. The result of this research contribute to the valorization of tomato pomace waste as a valuable source of macronutrients and dietary fiber. These findings can serve as a basis for further utilization of tomato pomace and reducing its harmful impact on the environment. Additionally, tomato pomace can become a cheap and available source of micro and macronutrients in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

• Keywords: komina rajčice; prehrambena vlakna; makronutrijenti; pektin
• Keywords (english): tomato pomace; dietary fibers; macronutrients; pectin
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:483307
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy - integrated undergraduate and graduate - university study; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar farmacije (sveučilišni magistar farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Embargoed access; Embargo expiration date: 2025-07-11
• Created on: 2024-04-02 11:32:36