| Sažetak | UVOD: Gljive roda Malassezia sastavni su dio kožnog mikrobioma. Kao primarni izvor
hrane iskorištavaju lipide pa nastanjuju lojem bogata područja kože. U prikladnim uvjetima
(tropska klima, pojačani rad lojnih žlijezda, narušen imunitet, upotreba antibiotika, steroida
i imunosupresiva) mogu biti uzročnici više bolesti kože (pityriasis versicolor, dermatitis
seborrhoica, malassezia folliculitis), a dokazana je i njihova uloga u patogenezi težih
upalnih bolesti kože tipa atopijskog dermatitisa i psorijaze. Terapija dermatoza vezanih uz
Malassezia spp. temelji se na lokalnoj i/ili sistemskoj primjeni antimikotika i lokalnoj
primjeni antiseptika. Iako se ne radi o ozbiljnim kožnim bolestima prisutno je
nezadovoljstvo pacijenta zbog narušenog izglead kože i čestih recidiva. Komercijalno
dostupni kozmetički pripravci obiluju sastojcima za koje je in vitro dokazano da potiču rast
gljiva ovog roda pa time mogu pogoršati status kože.
CILJ ISTRAŽIVANJA: Na temelju objavljenih znanstvenih studija i stručnih radova
izdvojiti, opisati i sistematizirati sastojke kozmetičkih pripravaka koji imaju pozitivan i
negativan utjecaj na rast Malassezia spp. Istraživanje bi moglo pridonijeti razvoju
smjernica za profilaksu recidivirajućih dermatoza uzrokovanih gljivama roda Malassezia.
MATERIJAL I METODE: Za analizu je pretražena literatura prema ključnim riječima
(Malassezia, nutritivne potrebe, kozmetički sastojci) temi istraživanja, predmetu
istraživanja, autorima i časopisu. Pretraženo je od općih prema specijaliziranim člancima
pri čemu su odabirani članci relevantni za problematiku ovoga specijalističkog rada.
Relevantni članci proučavani su na analitički i kritički način s obzirom na definiranje
znanstvenog i/ili stručnog problema, istraživanje postojećih znanja o definiranom problemu
(literaturni navodi), oblikovanje radne hipoteze, odabir metoda za ispitivanje hipoteze,
prikaz i analizu rezultata te izvedene zaključke. Pri proučavanju relevantnih članaka
izdvojeni su najvažniji rezultati, rasprave i zaključci prikazani ovim specijalističkim radom.
Na temelju proučavanih članaka izvedena su vlastita razmatranja koja su sastavni dio
rasprave ovog specijalističkog rada.
REZULTATI: S obzirom na sve veći broj kozmetičkih pripravaka na tržištu i sve veću
raznolikost njihovih sastavnica rezultati istraživanja predstavljaju doprinos u području
ljekarničke skrbi i kozmetovigilancije.
ZAKLJUČAK: Malassezia spp. se primarno hrane masnim kiselinama dužine lanca 12-24
atoma ugljika. Većina kozmetičkih pripravaka takve masne kiseline sadrži bilo slobodne ili
u formi estera. Kod pojedinaca čija je koža podložna malasezija dermatozama to može
dovesti do pogoršanja ili češćih recidiva bolesti. Potrebna su ciljana istraživanja o utjecaju
sastojaka kozmetičkih pripravaka na rast Malassezia spp. kako bi se formirali pripravci
pogodni za tretiranje kože oboljelih. Gljive roda Malassezia sastavni su dio kožnog
mikrobioma pa cilj liječenja ne mora biti njihova eradikacija već kontrola populacije i
očuvanje homeostaze. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | INTRODUCTION: Malassezia species are a part of the normal skin microbiota. They are
lipid dependent yeast and utilize lipids from their environment so they inhabit sebaceous
areas of the skin. In the presence of certain predisposing factors (tropical climate,
increased secretion of sebaceous glands, impaired immunity, use of antibiotics, steroids
and immunosuppressants) they cause skin diseases (pityriasis versicolor, seborrheic
dermatitis and malassezia folliculitis), and have shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of
severe inflammatory skin diseases sa atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. The treatment of
Malassezia spp. related dermatoses is based on local and/or systemic administration of
antifungal drugs and the local administration of antiseptics. Although these diseases are
not considered to be hazardous, patients feel discontent due to impaired appearance of
their skin and frequent relapses. Commercially available cosmetic products used to
"better" the appearance of the skin contain ingredients for which in vitro testing prove they
stimulate Malassezia spp. growth, and thus lead to exacerbation and relapse of disease.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this specialist paper is to based on published scientific studies,
described and systematized ingredients of cosmetic preparations which have positive and
negative effect on the growth of Malassezia spp. This study could contribute to the
development of guidelines for prophylaxis of recurrent dermatoses caused by Malassezia
spp.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this specialist paper, literature was searched by topic of
research, subject of research, authors and journal. It was searched from general to
specialized articles, with selected articles relevant to the issues of this specialist paper.
Relevant articles have been studied in an analytical and critical manner with respect to
defining a scientific and / or professional problem, exploring existing knowledge about a
defined problem (references), formulating a working hypothesis, selecting methods to test
a hypothesis, presenting and analyzing results, and drawing conclusions. Studying
relevant articles, the most important results, discussions, and conclusions have been
identified and that will be presented in this specialist paper. Based on the studied articles,
own conclusion are made by studying the issues issues which are an integral part of the
discussion of this specialist paper.
RESULTS: Given the increasing number of cosmetic products on the market and the
increasing diversity of their components, these results represent a contribution in the field
of pharmacy care and cosmetic vigilance.
CONCLUSION: Malassezia spp. yeast feed on fatty acids with carbon chain lengths of 12-
24 atoms have been found to promote the growth of cultures. Most cosmetic preparations
contain such fatty acids either in free or ester form. In individuals susceptible to
Malassezia dermatoses, this can lead to worsening or frequent relapses. Aimed n vivo
research is needed to investigate effects of cosmetic ingredients on Malassezia spp.
growth to form preparations suitable for treating skin affected by Malassezia dermatoses.
Malassezia yeasts are an integral part of the skin microbiome, so the aim of treatment is
not their eradication but control of populations and maintenance of homeostasis. |
