Mogućnosti korištenja otpada prehrambene industrije u biogenoj sintezi nanoselena

master's thesis

• Title (english): Possibilities of food industry waste utilization in biogenic synthesis of nanoselenium
• Author: Anđela Dragaš
• Mentor: Dubravka Vitali Čepo (mentor)
• Committee member: Dubravka Vitali Čepo (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mario Jug (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Ortner Hadžiabdić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of food chemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-06-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Otpad prehrambene industrije postaje sve veći ekološki problem zbog brojnih negativnih utjecaja na sigurnost hrane, prirodne resurse, okoliš i zdravlje ljudi. Stoga rastu napori valorizacije prehrambenog otpada kao važnog izvora bioaktivnih spojeva s poželjnim biološkim učincima. Selen je element u tragovima koji je neophodan u malim količinama dok u većim količinama može biti toksičan, a bitan je za funkcioniranje više od 30 poznatih selenoproteina. Danas se intenzivno istražuju mogućnosti sinteze i primjena nanočestica selena prvenstveno zbog manje toksičnosti. Biosinteza nanomaterijala pomoću biljnih ekstrakata ima prednosti u odnosu na druge biološke metode jer je jeftina i ne zahtijeva nikakve posebne uvjete. U ovom diplomskom radu istražena je mogućnost korištenja ekstrakata komine masline, rajčice i mandarine u biogenoj sintezi nanoselena u usporedbi sa nanoselenom sintetiziranim standardnom kemijskom metodom. Raspodjela veličine čestica i zeta potencijal nanoselena određeni su mjerenjem dinamičkog raspršenja svjetlosti, a za određivanje antioksidacijskog potencijala korištene su jednostavne in vitro metode za mjerenje reduktivne sposobnosti i sposobnosti hvatanja radikala. Od svih istraženih ekstrakata jedino je ekstrakt komine masline pogodan za biogenu sintezu nanoSe jer, u usporedbi sa kemijski sintetiziranim nanočesticama, rezultira nastajanjem čestica slične veličine i stabilnosti, ali značajno veće antioksidativne učinkovitosti.

Abstract (english)

The food industry waste is becoming an alarming ecological issue because of its negative impact on the safety of food, natural resources, the environment and the health of people. Therefore, the efforts to valorize food waste as an important source of bioactive compounds with desirable biological effects are increasing. Selenium is an essential trace element with relatively high toxicity potential, and it is very important for the functioning of over 25 known selenoproteins. Due to lower toxicity of elemental selenium (in comparison to selenium salts) the efficient and sustainable synthesis protocols of selenium nanoparticles are being extensively explored. In this work, we investigated the possibility of using olive, tomato and tangerine pomace extracts in the biogenic synthesis of nanoselenium and obtained nanoparticles were compared to standard chemically synthesized nanoselenium. Particle size distribution and zeta potential of the nanoparticles were determined by measuring the dynamic light scattering, and simple in vitro methods were used for measuring reductive capacity and antiradical efficiency. Obtained results showed that olive pomace extract was the only one suitable for the biogenic synthesis of nanoselenium because obtained nanoparticles showed similar size and stability but significantly higher antioxidant efficiency compared to those chemically synthesized.

• Keywords: otpad; prehrambena industrija; komina masline; komina rajčice; komina mandarine; zelena sinteza; nanoselen
• Keywords (english): waste; food industry; olive pomace; tomato pomace; tangerine pomace; green synthesis; nanoselenium
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:860635
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra farmacije (magistar/magistra farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-04-26 13:26:31